How Does a Surge Arrester Work?

The purpose of the surge arrester is to protect the insulator / component from damage by high DV / DT which peaks when the instantaneous value of the insulator or component breakdown is exceeded. Lightning is one of the common causes of voltage surges. Another common cause is the switch in the sensing circuit.

Can capture the occurrence of voltage surges. Some surge arresters are equipped with a “surge counter” that can capture the fact that the arrester has discharged current. Other phenomena (sound measurement, light measurement, electric field measurement, etc.) can also be used to capture the occurrence of discharge. Meteorologists use ground and satellite instruments to regularly capture and record lightning discharges.

It is also possible to capture and record voltage surges, but the technology here becomes complicated. A common problem is that voltage surges are essentially a high-frequency phenomenon, and in order to capture and record (ie quantify) events, the measurement system must have a high-frequency response. Instruments commonly used for fundamental frequency voltage measurement do not have sufficient frequency response to accurately capture and record high frequency voltage transients. They may be able to capture the occurrence of events, but they are not always able to accurately quantify events using these devices.

A surge arrester is a device that protects the power system from lightning damage. A typical surge arrester has both a ground terminal and a high-voltage terminal. When a powerful surge propagates from the power system to the surge arrester, high-voltage current is directly sent to the insulator or ground to avoid damage to the system.

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